Studs with Logos
This page explains the possible options you have for modifying the appearance of studs with logos in rendering software.
Studs we refer to on this page are the top connectors on for example the standard 2 x 4 Brick.
Bottom connectors are also called studs but are not topic of this page.
The LDRAW Library contains a default implementation for a top stud,
which can be found in file stud.dat and is of course a primitive.
Depending on your rendering configuration, it could look like this in LDView:
To speedup renderings in editors for parts and scenes, that default implementation (currently) does not include a logo, opposed to what can be seen on real parts.
However, when doing high-quality renders, when creating building instructions, or even during normal part and scene editing, a logo could be desired. For example, to some people (this includes me, the author of these lines), a Lego brick is not a real Lego brick if the top studs have no logo. The logo can also be used to visually check with a simple glance if the studs on a part are properly oriented.
The opposite is the case if rendering or processing time shall be saved: in such a case it can be desired to only use a simplified stud (less polygons), or even a stronger simplified stud (just "mimicked" by a single, simple line), or even leave out all studs completely.
For doing these replacements of studs, 2 options exist:
Options for Stud Replacement
Replacement by Editing/Rendering Software at Runtime
Software which renders a part can easily identify studs at runtime, simply by their filename
as a primitive: stud.dat.
The software might then substitute that by anything it wants,
see the following examples:
LDView can substitute studs by native OpenGL cylinders instead of polygons, plus an optional OpenGL logo texture on top. You can notice that the stud no longer appears faceted made of polygons, but as a smooth cylinder, however the logo is straight flat and has no 3D structure:
LDView also can substitute studs by a simplified version with less polygons:
Both things can be configured in LDView's preferences.
During export to POVRay, LDView can also substitute studs by a native POVRay objects implementation, which by its nature of course is real 3D. As such, it comes with the expense of rendering time increase. There are switches within the generated POVRay source code to turn the logo on and off and to turn the studs on and off.
MLCad can do stud substitution as well. It can replace them by a coarse version with less polygons, or, if memory/CPU usage really is critical, can minimize their graphical representation to display just single lines:
Replacement Directly in the LDRAW Library
Replacing the contents of file stud.dat with something else of course
also is possible locally in the filesystem.
Support by the LDRAW Library
The LDRAW Library supports both solutions described above.
It not only delivers the default stud implementation inside file stud.dat,
but additionally delivers implementation variants, which provide the logo implementation
in differing detail levels:
stud-logo.dat:
stud-logo2.dat:
stud-logo3.dat:
stud-logo4.dat:
stud-logo5.dat:
Additionally, another variant with high contrast is provided, which displays a stud as it can be frequently seen in official LEGO instructions (for example here):
stud-high-contrast.dat:
Usage of the Variants
You could use a software which can switch between using stud.dat
or one of the variants above. At the time of this writing, no such software exists yet,
because the stud variants are not released as official files yet (2019-06).
Until that becomes possible, a current method for changing the stud
appearance is modifying the contents of file stud.dat with a simple
text editor so that it uses one of the implementations above.
Here is an example, the file contents has been simplified (history headers left out etc.) to more clearly show the change:
Before:
0 Stud 0 Name: stud.dat 0 Author: James Jessiman 0 !LDRAW_ORG Official_Primitive 0 !LICENSE Redistributable under CCAL version 2.0 : see CAreadme.txt 0 BFC CERTIFY CCW 1 16 0 -4 0 6 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 4-4cylc.dat
After:
0 Stud 0 Name: stud.dat 0 Author: James Jessiman 0 !LDRAW_ORG Official_Primitive 0 !LICENSE Redistributable under CCAL version 2.0 : see CAreadme.txt 0 BFC CERTIFY CCW 0 // 1 16 0 -4 0 6 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 4-4cylc.dat 1 16 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 stud-logo.dat
stud2.dat
All of the above does not only apply to the standard top stud stud.dat,
but analogously to its sibling, the hollow stud stud2.dat.
For it, substitutional implementations are provided by the LDRAW Library in the same way:
stud2-logo.datstud2-logo2.datstud2-logo3.datstud2-logo4.datstud2-logo5.datstud2-high-contrast.dat